« j'ai vu le creusement de l'hypogée de sa majesté, seul, hors de vue, hors d'écoute19. »
Les premières sépultures de la vallée datent approximativement de 1539 à 1075 avant notre ère. En commençant par celles de Thoutmôsis Ier (ou peut-être avant, durant le règne d'Amenhotep Ier) et finissant par celles de Ramsès X ou de Ramsès XI, même si les tombes ont continué à être usurpées par des personnes non royales20.
En dépit de son nom, la vallée des rois abrite aussi des tombes de nobles ainsi que celles d'épouses et d'enfants des rois et des nobles. Mais aussi des tombes anonymes, des fosses et des caches d'embaumement. En fait, seulement vingt tombes sont celles de rois21.
À l'époque de Ramsès Ier, la construction commence dans la vallée des reinesAu début de la XVIIIe dynastie, seuls les rois sont enterrés dans la vallée dans de grandes tombes. Quand des particuliers y sont inhumées, c'est dans de petites chambres proches de la tombe de leur maitre19.
Bergoglio studied at the archdiocesan seminary, Inmaculada Concepción Seminary, in Villa Devoto, Buenos Aires City, and, after three years, entered the Society of Jesus as a novice on 11 March 1958.[43] Bergoglio has said that as a young seminarian, he "was dazzled by a girl I met at an uncle's wedding", so much so that he "could not pray for over a week" because he could not help thinking of her, and so he "had to rethink what I was doing".[54] As a Jesuit novice he studied humanities in Santiago, Chile.[55] At the conclusion of his novitiate in the Society of Jesus, Bergoglio officially became a Jesuit on 12 March 1960, when he made the religious profession of the initial, temporary vows of a member of the order.[56]
In 1960, Bergoglio obtained a licentiate in philosophy from the Colegio Máximo San José in San Miguel, Buenos Aires Province; in 1964 and 1965, he taught literature and psychology at the Colegio de la Inmaculada, a high school in the Province of Santa Fe, Argentina, and in 1966 he taught the same courses at the Colegio del Salvador in Buenos Aires City.[57]
In 1967, Bergoglio finished his theological studies and was ordained to the priesthood on 13 December 1969, by Archbishop Ramón José Castellano. He attended the Facultades de Filosofía y Teología de San Miguel (Philosophical and Theological Faculty of San Miguel),[58] a seminary in San Miguel. He served as the master of novices for the province there and became a professor of theology.
Bergoglio completed his final stage of spiritual formation as a Jesuit, tertianship, at Alcalá de Henares, Spain, and took his perpetual vows in the Society of Jesus on 22 April 1973.[59] He was named Provincial Superior of the Society of Jesus in Argentina on 31 July 1973 and served until 1979.[60] After the completion of his term of office, in 1980 he was named the rector of the Philosophical and Theological Faculty of San Miguel in San Miguel.[61] Before taking up this new appointment, he spent the first three months of 1980 in Ireland to learn English, staying at the Jesuit Centre in the Milltown Institute of Theology and Philosophy, Dublin.[62] After returning to Argentina to take up his new post at San Miguel, Father Bergoglio served in that capacity until 1986. He spent several months at the Sankt Georgen Graduate School of Philosophy and Theology in Frankfurt, Germany, while considering possible dissertation topics,[63] before returning to Argentina to serve as a confessor and spiritual director to the Jesuit community in Córdoba.[64] In Germany he saw the painting Mary Untier of Knots in Augsburg and brought a copy of the painting to Argentina where it has become an important Marian devotion.[65][66][c]
As a student at the Salesian school, Bergoglio was mentored by Ukrainian Greek Catholic priest Stefan Czmil. Bergoglio often rose hours before his classmates to concelebrate Divine Liturgy with Czmil.[69]
Les premières sépultures de la vallée datent approximativement de 1539 à 1075 avant notre ère. En commençant par celles de Thoutmôsis Ier (ou peut-être avant, durant le règne d'Amenhotep Ier) et finissant par celles de Ramsès X ou de Ramsès XI, même si les tombes ont continué à être usurpées par des personnes non royales20.
En dépit de son nom, la vallée des rois abrite aussi des tombes de nobles ainsi que celles d'épouses et d'enfants des rois et des nobles. Mais aussi des tombes anonymes, des fosses et des caches d'embaumement. En fait, seulement vingt tombes sont celles de rois21.
À l'époque de Ramsès Ier, la construction commence dans la vallée des reinesAu début de la XVIIIe dynastie, seuls les rois sont enterrés dans la vallée dans de grandes tombes. Quand des particuliers y sont inhumées, c'est dans de petites chambres proches de la tombe de leur maitre19.
Bergoglio studied at the archdiocesan seminary, Inmaculada Concepción Seminary, in Villa Devoto, Buenos Aires City, and, after three years, entered the Society of Jesus as a novice on 11 March 1958.[43] Bergoglio has said that as a young seminarian, he "was dazzled by a girl I met at an uncle's wedding", so much so that he "could not pray for over a week" because he could not help thinking of her, and so he "had to rethink what I was doing".[54] As a Jesuit novice he studied humanities in Santiago, Chile.[55] At the conclusion of his novitiate in the Society of Jesus, Bergoglio officially became a Jesuit on 12 March 1960, when he made the religious profession of the initial, temporary vows of a member of the order.[56]
In 1960, Bergoglio obtained a licentiate in philosophy from the Colegio Máximo San José in San Miguel, Buenos Aires Province; in 1964 and 1965, he taught literature and psychology at the Colegio de la Inmaculada, a high school in the Province of Santa Fe, Argentina, and in 1966 he taught the same courses at the Colegio del Salvador in Buenos Aires City.[57]
In 1967, Bergoglio finished his theological studies and was ordained to the priesthood on 13 December 1969, by Archbishop Ramón José Castellano. He attended the Facultades de Filosofía y Teología de San Miguel (Philosophical and Theological Faculty of San Miguel),[58] a seminary in San Miguel. He served as the master of novices for the province there and became a professor of theology.
Bergoglio completed his final stage of spiritual formation as a Jesuit, tertianship, at Alcalá de Henares, Spain, and took his perpetual vows in the Society of Jesus on 22 April 1973.[59] He was named Provincial Superior of the Society of Jesus in Argentina on 31 July 1973 and served until 1979.[60] After the completion of his term of office, in 1980 he was named the rector of the Philosophical and Theological Faculty of San Miguel in San Miguel.[61] Before taking up this new appointment, he spent the first three months of 1980 in Ireland to learn English, staying at the Jesuit Centre in the Milltown Institute of Theology and Philosophy, Dublin.[62] After returning to Argentina to take up his new post at San Miguel, Father Bergoglio served in that capacity until 1986. He spent several months at the Sankt Georgen Graduate School of Philosophy and Theology in Frankfurt, Germany, while considering possible dissertation topics,[63] before returning to Argentina to serve as a confessor and spiritual director to the Jesuit community in Córdoba.[64] In Germany he saw the painting Mary Untier of Knots in Augsburg and brought a copy of the painting to Argentina where it has become an important Marian devotion.[65][66][c]
As a student at the Salesian school, Bergoglio was mentored by Ukrainian Greek Catholic priest Stefan Czmil. Bergoglio often rose hours before his classmates to concelebrate Divine Liturgy with Czmil.[69]
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